A combined programme of archaeological evaluation trenching and borehole survey was undertaken in advance of a proposed development either side of Chapel Lane, Bingham, Nottinghamshire. The 'Bingham Basin' is a former lake (palaeolake), mapped by the British Geological Survey as a thin peaty loam on shelly marl, extending for 5 km from Saxondale Junction to Scarrington in the east. An earlier borehole survey within the Bingham Basin to the west of Chapel Lane identified deposits of palaeoenvironmental potential, including layers of shelly marl, peat and alluvium resting on glacial till and Mercia Mudstone bedrock. These deposits and their geoarchaeological and palaeoenvironmental potential were taken into account during the planning of archaeological works for the site, with a programme of evaluation trenching being supplemented by geoarchaeological borehole survey. In total, 60 evaluation trenches were excavated across the site, along with a borehole survey comprising 34 boreholes to the east of Chapel Lane. The archaeological results from the programme of evaluation trenches has been reported on separately, with this report primarily focussing on the geoarchaeological and palaeoenvironmental deposits across site, taking into account results and samples from both the evaluation trenching and borehole survey. No archaeological remains were recorded within the lake deposits themselves. However, the evaluation trenching did identify likely medieval to post-medieval drainage ditches cut into the peat and lacustrine deposits of the former lake. The persistence of open water or other forms of wetland means that the part of the site which had previously been part of the ‘Bingham Basin’, were unlikely to have been suitable for settlement or agricultural practice prior to the areas’ reclamation some time shortly before or during the 17th century.